Citizens of heaven, living on earth

When Jesus started preaching, he came into Galilee and announced: “The kingdom of God is at hand. Repent and believe the good news!”  He did not say that the kingdom was thousands of years away – he said it was at hand – it was near.

He told the Pharisees, The prostitutes and tax collectors are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. Jesus used present-tense verbs there: these people are entering. Not “will enter,” but are entering. The kingdom of God was already a reality, already existed, and they were entering it.

The kingdom of God is in your midst, he said. It is here and now, and he was inviting people to enter it right away. By faith, people were entering the kingdom of God when Jesus preached the gospel, and people are entering the kingdom of God even today when the gospel of Jesus Christ is preached. Paul said that God has rescued us from darkness and brought us into the kingdom of Jesus Christ (Col. 1:13). That’s past tense. We are already in the kingdom.

Now, the kingdom of God is not like the kingdoms of this world. It does not occupy a specific territory, and it is not based on force. We enter the kingdom only by faith, only if we agree to, only if we accept the offer. We can choose to remain in the old kingdom if we want to – we can remain in the kingdoms of this world, and we can choose to enjoy the things that these kingdoms offer: money, power, sex, selfishness, sin, conflict, sickness and death. We can remain in bondage to sin and death, or we can accept the offer that Jesus gives, to rescue us from the grip of Satan and to give us the benefits and blessings of the kingdom of God.

Yes, he offers us a rescue. That’s what salvation is—a rescue. It’s like we are trapped in the swirling waters, hanging on to a rotten log, and he throws us a life preserver tied to a rope. We can choose to let go of the rotten log and grab the life preserver, or we can choose to stay in the swirling waters. It’s our choice.

The kingdom of God offers us certain benefits: love, security, peace, eternal life and joy. Best of all, it offers us the friendship of the King, a love deeper than we will ever experience anywhere else, the warmth of knowing that our life is important to the King, and to all his angels, and to all his people. We will be in a web of friendships, and in an environment of love, of wealth that is far greater than anything this world can offer. Jesus is offering this to us, if we will only let go of the world and the temporary illusions that it offers.

Now, we cannot experience all the blessings of the kingdom of God while we are trapped in the ways of this world. We will never fully experience the joy of being loved, as long as we think we have to earn God’s love. If we think that God loves us only because we obey him, we are missing out on the full dimension of his love.

As long as we are attached to the things of this world, we cannot experience the joy of trusting in God. As long as we are greedy, we cannot know the joy of being generous. As long as we are selfish, we cannot know the joy of giving love to someone else. We cannot know the joy of being in God’s presence as long as our heart is really attracted to something else in this world. We can’t be pulled out of the swirling waters unless we are willing to let go of the old rotten log.

So the kingdom of God involves some changes in the way we live and think. That’s why Jesus said, Repent, and believe the good news. Only people who accept the gospel can enter the kingdom. It is good news only for those who believe it, only for people who are willing to let go of everything that causes pain and sorrow, and are willing to grasp onto God through the offer that Jesus is making.

Now, the really good news is that we don’t have to do this perfectly to get started. We don’t have to let go of all our conflicting emotions in order to start making progress. We don’t have to have perfect obedience, and we don’t have to have perfect faith, and we don’t have to have perfect understanding. God knows that we are mentally defective, and he doesn’t expect us to do everything right, when we are taking our first baby steps toward him.

And that’s why the gospel is good news. If it required that we were perfect before we could even get started, then it wouldn’t be very good news, because none of us would ever get started. And besides that, if we could be perfect on our own, we wouldn’t even need the good news, because we’d already be where we wanted to end up. If we could save ourselves, then Jesus didn’t need to come and he didn’t need to die. The very fact that he came shows that we could not do it on our own.

Now, Jesus was saying that the kingdom of God is at hand, and we can enter it even now, even while we are imperfect, even if we have been a prostitute, a thief, a corrupt government official, or a self-righteous religious leader. The point is that God loves us not because of what we do, or how well we do it, but simply that he loves us no matter what we do. And because he loves us, he wants to rescue us from the mess that we’ve made of our lives, and even though we smell like pigs and have bad habits and mess up again and again, he still loves us and he still wants us in his kingdom. He sent Jesus to die for us, so that we can live again.

Now, all of us, to some extent, still have our hand on the old rotten log. We are still in the swirling waters, as long as we live in this world. We still have struggles and doubts, but we have grasped the life preserver that Jesus has thrown us. We have latched on to the kingdom of God, and God promises that he will never push us away. He will never cut the rope, he will never take his offer of salvation away.

            However, some of us here today haven’t even started this process. We are clinging to the old rotten log, stuck in the swirling waters of a meaningless life. We see the life preserver that Jesus has thrown, but we aren’t willing to grab it. We would rather have the old rotten log that we know, than to accept a rescue that we don’t know.

But Jesus is telling you that your old rotten log is going to sink soon and you are going to die if you keep hanging on to it. And deep down, you know he’s right – you are going to die, and Jesus is telling you that you have nothing to lose but this life of fear and swirling and death. The life preserver is not a perfect life, but it leads to a perfect life, and Jesus went to the trouble to throw it to you because he wants to rescue you. So I encourage you today, to take what he offers, to see that he can be trusted and, to switch back to the other figure of speech, to enter the kingdom of God.

OK, so everyone who has faith in Jesus as Savior has entered the kingdom of God, and the church consists of people who have entered the kingdom of God. That doesn’t mean that the church IS the kingdom of God. The kingdom is perfect, and we are not. However, we belong to the kingdom of God, and we represent the kingdom of God. The apostle Paul said that we are ambassadors for the kingdom. We represent it, preach its message, and live its life.

Citizens of heaven

In Paul’s letter to the Philippians, chapter 3, verse 20, Paul says that our citizenship is in heaven; we are citizens of the kingdom of God. Let’s turn to the book of Philippians and see what he wrote there. One thing we need to know is that the word “citizen” had a special meaning to the Philippian people. That’s because the city of Philippi was a Roman colony.

About a hundred years earlier, the Roman empire had fought a big battle in the area, and after they had won the battle and peace was restored to the empire, they rewarded all the soldiers by giving them homes and land in the city of Philippi. That way the soldiers would stay there instead of coming back to Rome, which was already overcrowded and didn’t need a lot of soldiers in it. And as the custom was, the soldiers were also given Roman citizenship, because they had risked their lives for the glory of Rome.

So they had lots of Roman citizens living in Philippi, and they declared the whole city to be a Roman colony. Everyone in it was a citizen, and Philippi was an outpost of Rome in Macedonia. They were not given Roman citizenship so they could learn Macedonian customs and bring them back to Rome. No, they were Roman citizens so they could live like Romans and bring Roman customs to Macedonia. They were an outpost of Rome, planted in Macedonia to bring Roman ways to the Macedonians.

The Philippines was a colony of Spain for 300 some years. The Spanish were not trying to learn Filipino customs and bring them back to Spain. Oh, no, what they wanted was for Filipinos to learn Spanish customs,… and in that, they were partly successful. At least I see quite a few Spanish words in the Filipino vocabulary, and I see Catholic churches in every city. The idea of a colony is to expand the influence of the home country, and the idea of giving citizenship is to expand the influence of the home country.

So, when Paul was saying that the believers in Philippi were citizens of heaven, he was not saying that they were there to bring Roman customs into the kingdom of heaven. No, quite the opposite. They were there as a colony of heaven, bringing the customs of God into Philippi. They were ambassadors of heaven, representatives of heaven, showing people in Philippi what God’s ways were.

They were not the kingdom of God – certainly not all of it, and certainly not perfect examples of it – but they were an outpost of the kingdom of God, living in the midst of the kingdoms of men. They were not perfect representatives of the kingdom, but they were still representatives. It was their responsibility to represent the kingdom, to BE the kingdom, in Philippi.

In the same way, it is our responsibility to represent the kingdom, to BE the kingdom, in this city, right here and right now. We are to be citizens of heaven, even while we are living on earth. And in the time we have today, I want to explore a little bit of what that might look like. What will it look like for us to be the kingdom of God in this city?

I suggest that we can look at it in three ways – we can look to the future, or we can look to the past, and we can look at it in the present.

Looking to the future

First, let’s look at the future. We know that the kingdom of God already exists, but that it will expand and take a great leap forward when Christ returns. We look forward to living forever in the kingdom of God, and it will be an exceptionally good life, in which there is no more crying and no more tears and no more sorrow or sin.

So what does that mean for us today?

If we eagerly look forward to a world in which everyone loves one another, in which everyone respects one another, in which everyone helps one another, then we need to begin living that way even now. Our lives should reflect the kingdom of God, should reflect the qualities that make the kingdom good, should reflect the way of life that God wants.

We need to bring the future into the present – to bring millennial blessings into the present. We need to prepare for the future kingdom of God by being the kingdom of God, and living like the kingdom of God, even in this age. We are to prepare for our future by living that way right now.

In the Lord’s prayer, Jesus told us to pray: “Your kingdom come, your will be done on earth as it is in heaven.” In the second part of that line, he was explaining what it meant for God’s kingdom to come – it means that God’s will –whatever God wants – should be done on earth now the way that it is in heaven. It means that people would live like the kingdom, here on earth. It means that we would be representatives of the kingdom, even while we live on earth.  In the Lord’s prayer, we are asking that God make us a better representative of who he is and what he stands for. We want that way of life, and we want it now.

So, if we want to see how we ought to live, we need to look to the future. If we want mercy, we need to be merciful. If we want love, then we need to love others. If we want to live in an environment in which there is no more sorrow and no more sin, then we need to avoid sin right now. That’s because if we really like a particular sin, then we are not really going to enjoy an eternity in which that sin won’t be allowed.

We need to live the future, even in this age. We see how we want the world to be in the future, and that teaches us something about the way we should live today.

Looking to the past

However, to see what the future will look like, to see the way we ought to live in the present, it is also helpful to look to the past—specifically to the example of Jesus. Jesus not only died for our sins, he also showed us something about the way we were designed to live.

So, if we want to live with Jesus in the future, we need to live like he does, and we need to look to the past to see how he lives.

Now, we do not have to copy all the incidental details. We do not have to go to Jerusalem for the festivals, like he did, or speak Hebrew, like he did, or wear special blue threads in our clothing, like he did. Some of the things that Jesus did, he did simply because he was a Jew living in first-century Palestine, and we do not have to imitate all those cultural details.

But we should take special notice of the ways in which Jesus was NOT like his culture. He lived in a culture in which life was a contest, or a competition to see if I am better than you. People felt important if they were better than other people. They looked down on people who didn’t measure up to their standards. The Romans used force, and the Jews used religion as a way to feel better than other people. Life was all about money and power and status. It was a lot like today.

But Jesus didn’t use force, and he didn’t use religion as a means of pushing other people down. He didn’t push people down at all. Instead, he lifted them up. Jesus was willing to spend time with poor people, he was willing to touch lepers, he was willing to eat with sinners. He wasn’t worried about money or power or status. In fact, he gave up status in order to help people who had less.

Paul tells us about it in Philippians, chapter 2. And Paul’s letter gives us some clues to help us understand the situation in the church at Philippi. Later in the book, he tells people to avoid arguments, and he asks two prominent women to settle their disagreement. There seems to have been a little contest going on in Philippi to see who was most important. So in chapter 2, Paul gives them some instructions that will help correct the situation.

Let’s start in chapter 2, verse 1. Paul writes, “Therefore if there is any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy…”

Now, when Paul says “if,” he really isn’t asking a question. The way that he phrases the question, both in Greek and in English, he expects an answer of “yes.”  Yes, there is consolation in Christ. Yes, there is comfort in his love. Yes, we do have fellowship with the Holy Spirit. And yes, there is affection and mercy.

So he’s saying, if we have these things – and we do – then we ought to, verse 2, “fulfill my joy by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.” Here he is pleading for them to stop arguing with one another, and to focus on what they have in common.

Verse 3: “Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit” – and that may well have been the problem in Philippi. Selfish ambition was the way that most of Greek society worked. Scholars call it an “agonistic” society, in which life was a continual contest for status and importance. So Paul is saying that we shouldn’t live that way. Instead, in the last part of verse 3 he writes, “but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.”

Instead of trying to feel more important than the other person, we need to treat the other person as if they are more important than us. This is the way we stop arguing and find peace. Instead of trying to get for ourselves, we need to try to give to others. The same basic concept is involved in love, in trying to help others even if it involves some sacrifices on our own part.

Verse 4: “Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.”

Now, Paul is not asking people to do something that Paul himself was not already doing. Later in this letter, Paul offers himself as an example. He offers Timothy as an example of someone who cared for others, and he offers Epaphroditus as an example of someone who cared so much about others that he got sick and almost died. That is what makes a person truly important – not by being greedy, but by being generous.

But the real example here for all of us is the example set by Jesus. In verse 5 Paul writes, “Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus.” Or as the Message Bible says, “Think of yourselves the way Christ Jesus thought of himself.” Now, if anybody in the universe had a right to think of himself as more important than others, Jesus did. But he saw importance in terms of service, in terms of helping other people. He told his disciples, The Gentile kings lord it over people, but it’s not supposed to be that way among you. Instead, the greatest person is the one who serves others. That is true greatness in the kingdom of God.

And that is the example that Jesus set himself – not only in his earthly ministry, but even in the fact that he had an earthly ministry. As verse 6 says, he was “in the form of God, [but he] did not consider it robbery to be equal with God.” That’s the New King James Translation. It’s a rare Greek word, and it is used here in an unusual way, so the translations handle it differently. The NIV says, “He did not consider equality with God something to be grasped.” The Message says, “He didn’t think so much of himself that he had to cling to the advantages of that status.”

The idea is that Jesus had a lot of status and privilege as the Son of God living in a perfect heaven, but he didn’t think that the meaning of life could be found by keeping all his power for himself. He didn’t try to hang on to it, like a robber trying to grab more stuff for himself. Rather, he was willing to let it go, in order to help others.

Why was he willing to do that? Because he knew that in the long run, he would not only be helping other people, he would also have more for himself, if he was willing to let go of what he had. If you want more grain in your storage bins, you have to be willing to take some out and plant it in the ground. In order to do this, you have to have faith that your sacrifice is going to pay off, that it will be worth your while. And when it comes to life, we have to have faith that there is another life, so that we are willing to give up even our life, if it is necessary. We have to see that we will have a future, before we are willing to give up some of the privileges we have right now—and the reason we give them up is to help other people, because that is the kind of attitude and action that makes the kingdom of God so worthwhile. It is worth living for, and it is worth dying for.

That is exactly what Jesus did – verse 7 – he “made himself of no reputation” – he gave up his status – and “took the form of a servant…” he came as a human being. He was willing to give up his status as royalty, and become one of the peasants.

I have read that one of the Filipino presidents became a farmer for a day, to see how the farmers are treated – and this is good, but Jesus did this for more than 30 years. He who had all the power of the universe was willing to become a helpless baby in a poor family in a downtrodden part of the Roman empire.

Verse 8 says, “And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself and became even to the point of death, even the death of a cross” – the most painful and the most shameful form of death. This is the kind of example Jesus set for us – and the interesting thing is that this was not some unusual change in Jesus’ attitude. No, this is the way that he is all the time. This is the way God is, all the time, and this is the way that he wants us to be, too.

It is not easy, and it would be foolish for us to do it, if we did not have the promise of eternal life. But we do have that promise, and we know that the sacrifices we make in this life are not made in vain. We will be rewarded, and one of the biggest rewards is that we will be able to live in a place where everyone does this, all the time. This self-sacrificing humility is part of our future, and it should be part of our life right now, as well. “Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus” – a mind that is willing to help other people.

And the result will be for us, just as it was for Jesus, an exaltation into glory. Verses 9 and 10 describe for us how Jesus was raised back to life and raised back to glory, and as Paul writes this letter to the Phillippians, he reminds them several times that if we are willing to suffer with Christ, we will also be given glory with Christ. That doesn’t mean that we have to experience the same kind of persecution he experienced, but it means that our own comfort and safety is not our chief goal in life.

The way to be great in God’s kingdom is not by looking out for ourselves, but to help other people. And the reward for doing this is not necessarily in this life, but in the next. We have to have faith in the future before we are willing to do this in the present.

OK, my point is that we are to look to the example of Jesus to show us how to represent the kingdom of God in this age, how we are to be citizens of heaven even while we live on earth, bringing heavenly ways into earthly settings. We want to be examples of heavenly culture, a culture that cares about other people, even if the culture around us does not.

Looking to the present

            My third point is that as citizens of heaven, we should look to the present day, to see what the results of our behavior might be. What we do has results not only in our life, but also in our effectiveness as messengers and agents of the kingdom of God.

            And to look at this aspect of our heavenly citizenship, let’s turn to  Paul’s letter to Titus, chapter 2. Titus is a little book just after Paul’s letters to Timothy, and shortly before the letter to the Hebrews.

In Titus, chapter 2, Paul tells us about our behavior, and he tells us about grace, and he tells us how grace and behavior is connected. The way we live can make our message look good. Or, if we aren’t careful, it can make it look bad. If our behavior is bad, it will give people a reason to reject the gospel.

Back in the 1990s, when we as a church began to teach the gospel of grace, some people were alarmed. Oh, if you preach grace too much, then people are going to start committing adultery because they think, “It doesn’t matter. God will forgive me anyway.” People were afraid of grace because they thought that it would lead to more sin.

Paul tells us about that, too, in the same chapter. He tells us that grace should not lead to sin – it should lead to good behavior, and this good behavior can in turn lead people to grace. The gospel teaches grace, and grace teaches us something about the way we live.

Let’s see how it works in Titus, chapter 2, starting with verse 1:

Paul tells Titus, “You must teach what is in accord with sound doctrine.” As you may remember, in chapter 1 he explains where Titus is and what he is doing: Titus is on the Greek island of Crete, helping some new congregations get started with some organizational structure and basic teachings. Earlier, Titus had been like a trouble-shooter for Paul, helping straighten out the Corinthian congregation after they had some serious problems. He was a trustworthy substitute for Paul himself. Titus was acting as a temporary pastor for the churches in Crete, but after he got them up and running, he would move on to another region.

So Titus is supposed to preach sound doctrine—teachings that are reliable and can be trusted. Paul then describes what this will look like – verses 1 and 2: “Teach the older men to be temperate, worthy of respect, self-controlled, and sound in faith, in love and in endurance.”

Titus is working with believers who have already accepted the gospel. Now they need some guidance about their behavior. So Paul mentions some basic guidelines for how they ought to live.

And then for women, Paul gives slightly different advice, in verse 3: “Likewise, teach the older women to be reverent in the way they live, not to be slanderers or addicted to much wine, but to teach what is good.” Now, when we think of an irreverent drunk today, we don’t typically think of an older woman. In our society, older women are the ones who are most likely to go to church, most likely to be religious and the most likely to avoid alcohol. But this seems to have been a problem in first-century Crete.

Today, Paul could easily point these teachings at men, and they are really appropriate for all Christians. The advice he gives for older men is just as valid for young men and women. He is simply describing good behavior.

Older women should be able to teach, he said in verses 4 and 5: “They can train the younger women to love their husbands and children, to be self-controlled and pure, to be busy at home, to be kind, and to be subject to their husbands.” It is interesting that Paul does not tell Titus to teach the young women directly, but he asks the older women to them proper behavior. Maybe it just wouldn’t come across very well for a man to be telling the young women to obey their husbands and to stay busy at home. It would be better if older women gave that kind of advice.

Paul is giving pretty normal advice for women in first-century society. In different societies, the advice might be a little different. What is especially interesting here is the reason that Paul gives for women to do these things: “so that no one will malign [or speak badly of] the word of God.” Paul wanted women to perform their typical social roles so they did not cause people to speak evil of the gospel message.

Now, some differences of behavior might be OK in themselves, but if they were frowned on in that particular society, they might cause people to close their minds to the gospel before they even heard it. They would want to have nothing to do with some new religion that caused people to abandon their normal place in society.

Well, Christianity has several beliefs and practices that unbelievers don’t necessarily like, and we can’t always do the things that they want us to do. But in many customs, we can be normal, and this is what Paul wants. For example, it’s not a sin to use your shirtsleeve to blow your nose. But if we do that, people are going to be disgusted by our behavior, and they won’t want to listen to what we say about Jesus, no matter how true or good it is.

So, if people are going to criticize us, let it be for essential matters, for avoiding sin, and not for behavioral differences that are not really required. If we break social customs, people will be more skeptical about everything we say, so we want to keep our differences to a minimum. We want to be as normal as we can.

Why? Because Paul is concerned about how our behavior might affect the gospel. If citizens of heaven have disgusting behavior, then people aren’t going to want to be part of the kingdom of heaven. “I can’t see Jesus,” people might say, “but I can see the people who claim to follow him, and I have no desire to be one of them.” Rightly or wrongly, people judge the gospel by the way we live.

Next, Paul turns his attention to young men, in verses 6 and 7: “Similarly, encourage the young men to be self-controlled. In everything set them an example by doing what is good.” Here Paul reminds Titus that he teaches not just with his words, but also in what he does. He must have self-control, and he should do good works.

Even the way that he teaches is important: “In your teaching show integrity, seriousness and soundness of speech that cannot be condemned.” Integrity means practicing what you preach, it means obeying the advice you give to others. And he is supposed to have soundness of speech – that doesn’t mean good grammar – it means giving good reasons for what he says. It means explaining himself well, so that people can’t say that he doesn’t make any sense.

Why? Here again, it is because our reputation as messengers of the gospel is important: “So that those who oppose you may be ashamed because they have nothing bad to say about us.” We are representing the kingdom of God, and we want to put it in as good a light as possible.

Admittedly, it is not always possible. No matter what we do, someone is going to disagree with our beliefs, but Paul’s point is that we do not want to give any extra reasons to dislike us. Similarly, Peter said that we should live such good lives among the pagans that even though they accuse us of doing wrong, the only thing they really see is good deeds (1 Peter 2:12).

Paul has mentioned old men, young men, old women and young women. He now comments on yet one more social group, in verses 9 and 10: “Teach slaves to be subject to their masters in everything, to try to please them, not to talk back to them, and not to steal from them, but to show that they can be fully trusted, so that in every way they will make the teaching about God our Savior attractive.”

I find this advice to be particularly interesting, because we now understand Christianity to be against slavery – but Paul says nothing about that here. Instead, he advises slaves to be good slaves, and says nothing about slavery itself being bad. He is telling them to perform their social role well—but he is not necessarily saying that their social role is good. Just because he tells the people to do something, doesn’t mean that he is saying that everything about it is good – it might just be advice that is good for that particular situation.

Slaves were an important part of the first-century economy, and Paul does not want to encourage a slave rebellion. If he did that, then everyone would say that Christianity was a threat to social stability, a threat to the Roman empire, and it would bring the gospel into disrepute.

But it’s not a sin to be a slave, so Paul is saying that if you are one, you don’t have to rebel. Instead, you should try to be a better slave, so that people will say, These people have strange beliefs, they it does seem to have good results in their lives. Maybe there’s something to it after all.

OK, slavery is wrong, but slave rebellions are not. There’s a fine line here. It’s OK for ordinary people to try to outlaw slavery, but it’s not OK for us to encourage slaves to revolt. There is a peaceful and a lawful way to change society, and there is a wrong way to try to change society. If we fight evil by using evil methods, then we are just exchanging one form of evil for another.

A situation that I think is similar today is a dictatorship that oppresses poor people. Some Christians encourage the people to rebel – they call this liberation theology, but sometimes the rhetoric sounds more communist than it does Christian. Now, it is good for Christians – especially those who have power – to try to change society, but I think that Paul’s advice would be that we do not encourage poor people to use violence to try to overthrow the government. That would bring the gospel into disrepute.

We want people to know that oppression is wrong, but we also want them to know that the gospel does not encourage oppressed people to become the new oppressors. We want to make the gospel attractive, not to make it threatening.

OK, there is another way we can apply what Paul says to our lives today, and that is in the area of employment. Modern employment is a lot different than ancient slavery, largely in the fact that we can quit our jobs if we want to. It might not be smart, but at least it’s legal.

So what Paul is saying is that we should consider our behavior on the job, and whether our job performance will make the gospel look good, or whether it will make the gospel look bad. If we treat our co-workers rudely and then try to share the gospel, it’s not going to work very well. If they see us stealing materials, or getting paid for time we didn’t work, then that will reflect negatively on the gospel, too.

This doesn’t mean that we can’t join a union, or that we can’t participate in a strike. Would the boss think that we went on strike because the gospel told us we should? Probably not – that kind of behavior might not affect the boss’s opinion of Christianity one way or the other. But in some situations, it might make a difference, and each of us has to make our own decision on it.

But on a day-to-day basis, Paul is saying that believers should perform their jobs well. We should be cooperative, trustworthy, and respectful to people above us and people below us and people beside us.

Why? To make the gospel attractive, so that people will be more likely to listen to what we say about Jesus. We are citizens of heaven, trying to attract people into the kingdom of heaven. The way we live, the way we work, the way we treat our families and neighbors, all makes a difference in whether people are going to listen to anything we say about our King and Savior.

Now, these rules could be turned into a new form of legalism, if we took them out of context. But Paul is not saying that we have to do these things in order to be saved. His logic is really that we do these things so that other people might be saved, so that other people might be more willing to listen to the gospel.

Paul set the example here: When he was in Corinth, for example, he gave up some of his rights so that he did not cause any offense, so that people didn’t get turned off by his behavior. Paul is advocating something similar here: Christianity does not mean pushing for all of our rights. It means giving the gospel priority in our lives. The gospel does not give us permission to live however we want. Rather, it calls us to imitate Christ, to give up privileges when it can help other people be saved.

Why should Titus teach people to be well-behaved for the sake of the gospel? In verse 11, Paul gives a theological reason. The connection is hidden in the first word, “for.” That word “for” means that he is giving a reason for what he has just said, and the reason he gives is this: “For the grace of God that brings salvation has appeared to all people.” Salvation is available to everyone – and it is available on the basis of grace.

So the idea is that Titus should teach good behavior on account of the gospel because that message is good news for anyone and everyone around us. Salvation is for your supervisor, and for your neighbors, and for your customers, and for your families. So we need to be thinking about the kind of example we are setting for the gospel.

Now Paul is assuming that our faith in Christ is evident to everyone. He is assuming that we are going to be sharing the gospel. Our behavior is going to reflect on the gospel because people associate us with the gospel. He is assuming that the people will not keep their faith a secret, but will be willing to share it.

Paul also says something interesting about grace, in verse 12. He tells us that grace “teaches us to say ‘No’ to ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright and godly lives in this present age.” Grace—if we understand it correctly—teaches us to reject sin, and to do good. Grace is not permission to sin—it teaches us to avoid sin, and to have good behavior. Because God has saved us by his grace, we want other people to be saved, too, and we change the way that we live in order to help people accept the gospel and become citizens of heaven.

Thankfully, grace does more than just teach us. It does more than just telling us rules to live by. Grace also gives us strength to be able to do it. God graciously gives us the ability to do what he wants. As children of God, we want to be like the Son of God, but we cannot do it on our own strength. As citizens of the heavenly kingdom, we want to be like our King, but we cannot do it on our own strength. It is only by God’s grace that we can have the kind of self-control and love that Paul is calling for.

Paul is telling us a good way to live, as he says, “in this present age,” but the rewards for this way of life are not necessarily experienced in this age. Sometimes we get persecution instead; sometimes we make sacrifices and don’t receive any rewards, because this world does not work the way it ought to.

Therefore, verse 13, “we wait for the blessed hope—the glorious appearing of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ.” We are waiting for the return of Christ and the resurrection, and the reward. We have to remember our future, in order to make the sacrifices that are sometimes necessary as we live as citizens of heaven, even while living as citizens of human governments as well.

He also reminds us of what Jesus has done for us, in verse 14: He “gave himself for us to redeem us from all wickedness and to purify for himself a people that are his very own, eager to do what is good.” Yes, he redeemed us from sin, he forgives our sins. But Christ has a purpose for us beyond that: He wants to purify us, to eliminate the sin in our lives, to eliminate in us everything that causes pain and suffering for other people, and to create in us a desire for good behavior. That is the mission that Jesus has in our lives, and that is the mission that we have as citizens of heaven, living here on earth.